![]() ![]() ĭuring the 19th century, the US federal government forcibly removed tens of thousands of Native Americans from their homelands from across North America and transported them to the area including and surrounding present-day Oklahoma. The territory was a part of the Arkansas Territory from 1819 until 1828. French colonists claimed the region until 1803, when all the French territory west of the Mississippi River was acquired by the United States in the Louisiana Purchase. By the 18th century, Comanche and Kiowa entered the region from the west and Quapaw and Osage peoples moved into what is now eastern Oklahoma. The Expedition of Spaniard Francisco Vázquez de Coronado traveled through the state in 1541, but French explorers claimed the area in the early 18th century. Plains Apache people settled in the Southern Plains and in Oklahoma between 13. Spiro Mounds, in what is now Spiro, Oklahoma, was a major Mississippian mound complex that flourished between AD 8. Caddoan Mississippian culture peoples lived in the eastern part of the state. Southern Plains villagers lived in the central and west of the state, with a subgroup, the Panhandle culture people living in the panhandle region. Ancestors of the Wichita and Affiliated Tribes (including Teyas and Escanjaques and Tawakoni), Tonkawa, and Caddo (including Kichai) lived in what is now Oklahoma. Indigenous peoples were present in what is now Oklahoma by the last ice age. Map of the Confederate States with allied tribes (in present-day Oklahoma) Settlements In the Chickasaw language, the state is known as Oklahomma', in Arapaho as bo'oobe' (literally meaning 'red earth'), Pawnee: Uukuhuúwa, and Cayuga: Gahnawiyoˀgeh. Oklahoma later became the de facto name for Oklahoma Territory, and it was officially approved in 1890, two years after that area was opened to white settlers. He envisioned an all–American Indian state controlled by the United States Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Choctaw Nation Chief Allen Wright suggested the name in 1866 during treaty negotiations with the federal government on the use of Indian Territory. The name Oklahoma comes from the Choctaw language phrase okla, 'people', and humma, translated as 'red'. Oklahoma City and Tulsa serve as Oklahoma's primary economic anchors, with nearly two-thirds of Oklahomans living within their metropolitan statistical areas. Ī major producer of natural gas, oil, and agricultural products, Oklahoma relies on an economic base of aviation, energy, telecommunications, and biotechnology. There are currently twenty-five Native American languages still spoken in Oklahoma. Historically it served as a government-sanctioned territory for Native Americans removed from east of the Mississippi River, a route for cattle drives from Texas and related regions, and a destination for Southern migrant settlers. Oklahoma is at a confluence of three major American cultural regions. Interior Highlands, all regions prone to severe weather. With ancient mountain ranges, prairie, mesas, and eastern forests, most of Oklahoma lies in the Great Plains, Cross Timbers, and the U.S. Oklahoma Territory and Indian Territory were merged into the State of Oklahoma when it became the 46th state to enter the union on November 16, 1907. Oklahoma is also known informally by its nickname, " The Sooner State", in reference to the settlers who staked their claims on land before the official opening date of lands in the western Oklahoma Territory or before the Indian Appropriations Act of 1889, which increased European-American settlement in the eastern Indian Territory. The state's name is derived from the Choctaw words okla, 'people' and humma, which translates as 'red'. Its residents are known as Oklahomans (or colloquially " Okies"), and its capital and largest city is Oklahoma City. Partially in the western extreme of the Upland South, it is the 20th-most extensive and the 28th-most populous of the 50 United States. Oklahoma ( / ˌ oʊ k l ə ˈ h oʊ m ə/ ( listen) Choctaw: Oklahumma) is a state in the South Central region of the United States, bordered by Texas on the south and west, Kansas on the north, Missouri on the northeast, Arkansas on the east, New Mexico on the west, and Colorado on the northwest. Oklahoma's state bird flying above its state wildflower. » Click here for Oklahoma Time to Local Time Conversion.Released in 2008, as part of the state quarters series. » Click here for Singapore Time to Local Time Conversion. ![]()
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